When learning Arabic, one of the most essential aspects to master is verbs. Verbs are the action words that drive sentences and convey meaning. Two fundamental verbs in Arabic that you will often encounter are يسحب (Yas’hab) and يدفع (Yadfa’). These verbs translate to “pull” and “push” in English, respectively. Understanding the use and context of these verbs can significantly enhance your Arabic language skills.
Let’s start with the verb يسحب (Yas’hab). This verb means “to pull.” It is a simple verb but can be used in various contexts. For example, you might use يسحب when describing the action of pulling a door open. In Arabic, you would say, “يسحب الباب” (Yas’hab al-baab), which translates to “He pulls the door.” The root of the verb يسحب is سحب (sahaba), and it follows the regular verb conjugation pattern in Arabic.
On the other hand, we have يدفع (Yadfa’), which means “to push.” This verb is equally versatile and can be used in many situations. For instance, you might use يدفع when pushing a cart. In Arabic, you would say, “يدفع العربة” (Yadfa’ al-araba), meaning “He pushes the cart.” The root of يدفع is دفع (dafa’), and like يسحب, it follows the regular verb conjugation pattern.
To make these verbs even more useful, it’s essential to understand how to conjugate them in different tenses. Arabic verbs are conjugated based on the subject (who is doing the action) and the tense (when the action is happening). Let’s break down the conjugation of يسحب and يدفع in the present, past, and future tenses.
Starting with يسحب in the present tense:
– I pull: أسحب (As’hab)
– You (masc. sing.) pull: تسحب (Tas’hab)
– You (fem. sing.) pull: تسحبين (Tas’habeen)
– He pulls: يسحب (Yas’hab)
– She pulls: تسحب (Tas’hab)
– We pull: نسحب (Nas’hab)
– You (pl.) pull: تسحبون (Tas’haboon)
– They pull: يسحبون (Yas’haboon)
Now, let’s look at يسحب in the past tense:
– I pulled: سحبت (Sahabtu)
– You (masc. sing.) pulled: سحبت (Sahabta)
– You (fem. sing.) pulled: سحبتي (Sahabti)
– He pulled: سحب (Sahaba)
– She pulled: سحبت (Sahabat)
– We pulled: سحبنا (Sahabna)
– You (pl.) pulled: سحبتم (Sahabtum)
– They pulled: سحبوا (Sahaboo)
For the future tense of يسحب:
– I will pull: سأسحب (Sa’as’hab)
– You (masc. sing.) will pull: ستسحب (Stas’hab)
– You (fem. sing.) will pull: ستسحبين (Stas’habeen)
– He will pull: سيسحب (Sayas’hab)
– She will pull: ستسحب (Stas’hab)
– We will pull: سننسحب (Sanans’hab)
– You (pl.) will pull: ستسحبون (Stas’haboon)
– They will pull: سيسحبون (Sayas’haboon)
Similarly, let’s conjugate يدفع in the present tense:
– I push: أدفع (Adfa’)
– You (masc. sing.) push: تدفع (Tadfa’)
– You (fem. sing.) push: تدفعين (Tadfa’een)
– He pushes: يدفع (Yadfa’)
– She pushes: تدفع (Tadfa’)
– We push: ندفع (Nadfa’)
– You (pl.) push: تدفعون (Tadfa’oon)
– They push: يدفعون (Yadfa’oon)
For the past tense of يدفع:
– I pushed: دفعت (Dafa’tu)
– You (masc. sing.) pushed: دفعت (Dafa’ta)
– You (fem. sing.) pushed: دفعتي (Dafa’ti)
– He pushed: دفع (Dafa’)
– She pushed: دفعت (Dafa’at)
– We pushed: دفعنا (Dafa’na)
– You (pl.) pushed: دفعتم (Dafa’tum)
– They pushed: دفعوا (Dafa’oo)
For the future tense of يدفع:
– I will push: سأدفع (Sa’adfa’)
– You (masc. sing.) will push: ستدفع (Stadfa’)
– You (fem. sing.) will push: ستدفعين (Stadfa’een)
– He will push: سيدفع (Sayadfa’)
– She will push: ستدفع (Stadfa’)
– We will push: سندفع (Sanadfa’)
– You (pl.) will push: ستدفعون (Stadfa’oon)
– They will push: سيدفعون (Sayadfa’oon)
In addition to their basic meanings, these verbs can be used in various idiomatic expressions and phrases. For example, the phrase “يسحب البساط من تحت قدميه” (Yas’hab al-bisaat min taht qadamayhi) translates to “pull the rug out from under him,” similar to the English idiom meaning to undermine someone. On the other hand, “يدفع الثمن” (Yadfa’ al-thaman) means “pay the price,” indicating the consequences of an action.
Understanding the nuances of يسحب and يدفع can greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Arabic. These verbs are not only used in everyday physical actions but also in metaphorical and idiomatic expressions, making them vital components of your Arabic vocabulary. Practice using these verbs in different tenses and contexts to become more comfortable and fluent in their usage. Happy learning!
